At the behest of late President Chiang Kai-Shek in February 1967, Dr. Chun-Tsai Wu, the dean of the Institute of International Relations (IIR) established the Graduate Institute of East Asian Studies in cooperation with National Cheng-Chi University (NCCU) to foster talent in the ideological struggle against communism. In its role as the first graduate institute in Taiwan to specialize in China studies, the Institute began enrolling students in a master's program in the fall of 1968 with Dr. Chun-Tsai Wu as its first director. In 1984, the Institute launched its Ph.D. program and began cultivating talent in the advanced studies of Mainland China. Over time, the Institute’s role gradually converted into an academic institution. In August of 2001, the Graduate Institute of East Asian Studies, the Graduate Institute of Russian Studies, and the Department of Diplomacy were placed under the College of International Affairs at NCCU.
The faculty and teaching facilities have also been continually improved. In addition to the master's program, GIEAS has established the "East Asian Issues Research Program" (from 1969 to 1975, offering credits without degrees), a doctoral program (since 1981), and starting in 1993, a joint program with the NCCU Public Enterprise Center focusing on Mainland China issues (from 1993 to 2000), making it a key institution for the study of issues related to Mainland China in the country.